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ALL FOR THE LOVE OF CINEMA: SHOMA A CHATTERJI

The premise (and the practice) of film criticism has always fascinated me.

Although I have never felt confident to venture into that field myself, since I fancy myself of being from the industry – and I also believe it requires a lot of hard work to be able to aptly evaluate the work of other people.

But now that I am blogging (and this necessary evil is now more than a year old) I thought I should take this opportunity to clarify a few questions that I have on film-scholarship (or film-journalism) in general; to improve on my own expressions, largely, with writers I look up to.

For that, the first name that came into my mind was Shoma A. Chatterjee.

I simply adore the way Shoma-di writes – and the things she writes about. It might be my long association with film-makers like Ananya Chatterjee and Ishani K Dutta who make gender oriented documentaries; it might be my sense of pride in the fact that some of my work has featured in her book on Indian Documentaries – ‘Filming Reality’; or it might just be because she appreciates the writing skills of my dear university batch-mate Nishi Pulugurtha – a brilliant travel-author and an awesome friend.

A small sample to show the variety of interests of Shoma A Chatterjee

Or it must just be because Shoma-di is a prolific writer with a deep research orientation – and I have often referred to her books and articles on Cinema and Gender during the course of my work – across my career path.

It’s like when I collect a bunch of articles on a particular topic, it’s her pieces that catch my maximum attention, and are the most relatable and useful for me.

She has close to 25 published titles, by the way.

Anyways, it felt right that I should ask her first – a bit about what inspired her to take on film-writing? Did it happen to her, or did she make it happen?

“MY PASSION FOR CINEMA HAD TO BE EXPRESSED”

I was interested in films per se from childhood. In those days, parents not only discouraged their children from watching films but were angry if they made scenes about them. 

40 years into writing, I really cannot say whether it happened to me or I made it happen. It happened to me would perhaps be the right answer. My passion for cinema had to be expressed in some form or another. I was also very good at writing and had a very good command over English thanks to my initial education at a hi-fi English School. Cinema and writing on it at that time appeared to be the ideal combination.

I felt I needed to document what I saw and this happened around the time I quit school and got into college. In the last years of school, I began writing letters to editor in many papers and magazines and was happy when they appeared in print. Then I began writing articles on different subjects, cinema or no cinema.

Slowly, I gravitated towards gender – my first interest and then cinema. Over time, I began unwittingly to combine the two and this gave rise to my work in interpreting cinema from a woman’s and/or feminist perspective.

It gave me my USP and I am one of the pioneers in India on feminist film criticism.

This I say not from any immodesty or arrogance but from the facts as they unrolled over the years in my life.

Gender was a vacant space when Shoma-di started her career.

She found her niche, and over the years, that and her love for cinema came together. So from her first book on the topic – Subject Cinema, to Parama and the Cinema of Aparna Sen to the Woman at the Window – on Charulata – it’s been a long and fantastic journey for her – and her followers.

Star studded book release of Shoma-di’s book on Suchitra Sen

The fact that she feels intensely about what she writes comes out so beautifully – that you, as a reader, start relating to it personally.   

This ‘feeling’ aspect in her writing helped me gather courage to ask her a daring question – what purpose does film-criticism serves – at all?? In other words – makers make films; viewers view it – why do we need film critics in between??

“FILM REVIEWS ARE PURELY SUBJECTIVE”

Do we really need film critics?

I have no clue because either the commercial success of a film or its critical success never depends on film criticism or reviews or even analysis, whichever you choose.

The earliest artistic criticism of film emerged in the early 1900s. The first paper to serve as a critique of film came out of The Optical Lantern and Cinematograph Journal, followed by the Bioscope in 1908.

In my opinion, film criticism may have been an offshoot of other kinds of criticism like literary and art criticism. It created a completely new genre of writing which, people believed, offered a guide to whether a film was worth watching or not.

But since reviews and criticisms of films are purely subjective, they could not offer an ideal guideline because one critic might praise a film while another, might slam it brutally. They are accepted by some media-lovers as a guideline though.

I don’t really know how far ratings and reviews determine the box-office performance of a film – I have a strong feeling that whatever critics might be saying – if a film is well made and crafted with a lot of heart – it usually reaches its intended audience. At least I want it to.

I also had this grudge whenever some critic gives a poor rating to a film – but that’s probably because I am on the other side of the fence.

I believe even so called bad films take lots of efforts to be made – and there’s always something good in a film like that. For me it can’t be defined as black and white – there are 50 million shades of grey – so how can you give ratings or stars to a film in any case!!

Shoma-di agrees with me – it’s tough; and she also clarifies how the ‘ratings’ system works – at least in her case.

“SECTIONAL EDITORS DECIDE ON THE RATINGS”

First of all, let me make it clear that critics are not always given the responsibility of granting the rating and it is the sectional editor who decides on the rating.

This is quite safe because ratings are quite difficult to give. You may like the cinematography but not the script. You may like the music but not the acting. So, it is difficult to maintain a proper balance while granting the rating.

Up next, a question that I had to ask!

About an area on which I had some ‘impressions’ – since I spent over 15 years in hard-core news and advertising media. More so since I wrote ‘Brokering News’ in 2011.

That was probably the first documentary on the subject of Institutional Paid News – lots of skeletons toppled out of the closets on that one. Sometime soon, I will talk to its director Umesh Agarwal, and create a post around that.

I should also write about my own work sometimes (grunting in glee).

And also because during my stint as a business journalist, I often faced ‘the’ question myself. Should I, or should I not accept those ‘gifts’ – in lieu of a good review of a bad product, or a not-so-deserving better coverage in media.

I admit, sometimes, those gifts were too lucrative to refuse. Human follies!!

So I asked Shoma Di – a veteran who has seen through the various phases of our industry and who belonged to a time that has seen different ethical standards in journalism – have you ever been offered ‘gifts’ to give positive reviews?

“IT’S DISTURBING TO SEE FILM CRITICS TURN INTO P.R. PEOPLE”

No, Never. I have accepted gifts distributed to the media at press conferences of films but that’s all. Some of my peers do not accept these too. It protects us from compromising on our writing on a given film.

I think I began at a time when mercenary film journalists did not exist because times and values were different. Then, slowly, some of my peers began to accompany film teams to location shoots in exotic places both in India and abroad. I was married with a family and a child so no one approached me for such freebies.

Besides, I was a freelancer, so there was no guarantee I could get a proper outlet to do P.R. pieces for production houses.

It disturbed me to see very good film critics turning themselves to P.R. people to production houses and actors and actresses. I have known of journalists who, despite working in big media houses, took under-the-table money every month to guarantee publicity to a given actor and actress.

This happens according to my first-hand experience, in the Bengali film industry. I do not think Bollywood is immune to this but I have no direct knowledge about that.

It was lovely to know that Chidananda Dasgupta was one of her mentors.

I did have the opportunity to attend some of his lectures when I was a Film Appreciation student at the Calcutta University Film Club – his erudition and ability to go deep into the context of a film and yet making it simple enough for dummies like me to understand has stayed with me – all these years.

Eminent film scholar Chidananda babu directed as many as seven films during his lifetime. The only one I have seen is ‘Amodini’ – featuring both his daughter Aparna Sen and granddaughter Konkona Sen.

It was a bit complex for me to understand, but that’s my immaturity.

Anyways, this brings me to my next question – most film -writers do not make films, or partake in any aspect of the creative process of film-making – is that desirable? Or is that a conscious decision, to stay non-partisan and neutral?

“IT WOULD HELP KNOWING THE TECHNICALITIES OF FILM-MAKING”

Knowing the technical nitty-gritty’s of film-making would have been a great help as far as I am concerned. In fact, Ray had gone on to state that every journalist must know every area of film-making. But I do not agree because if we knew about all techniques involved in film-making, would we not switch over to making films instead of writing about them?

Some journalists such as the late B.R. Chopra came into films after he was a journalist. Amit Khanna was also a film journalist but he began to make films and then came back to film journalism though not to reviews.

Pratim D. Gupta, a very reputed young film critic who wrote very well, turned to film-making and made a name for himself. But he did not quit reviewing films which I honestly feel is very unethical.

If you are a filmmaker yourself, on what grounds can you critique someone else’s film?

 

Not everyone can strive to be Satyajit Ray. Or even Chidananda Babu. They donned multiple hats with equally aplomb, and were exceptions that prove the rule. And they were not film-critics per say, but path-breaking thinkers on Cinema.

Shoma A Chatterji and Madhavi Mukherjee with Aparajita Ghosh at a Doordarshan discussion on Satyajit Ray’s Charulata

Now coming back to our original topic, it also often occurs to me that there must be a rising demand for film and TV writing in the market – what with all these OTT platforms coming in, and film-writing also finding its pride of place in digital platforms.

Which brings me to my next query – like a course on Film Appreciation, can there be a course designed specifically for Film Criticism? I asked Shoma-di – is it at all possible (or desirable) to teach ‘film-criticism’ academically?

“ACADEMIC TRAINING NEEDED IN FILM CRITICISM”

I think it is both desirable and possible to teach film criticism academically. Today’s film journalists do not much bother to watch films carefully to be able to do a fine critique of a given film. They are often in a hurry to chase deadlines instead of concentrating on their writing about a given film.

In my time, this was not possible.

Academic training in film criticism will also provide for opportunities to watch classic films internationally and from India to be able to imbibe knowledge about the history of cinema, across time and space and language and director and this will help the would-be film critics to understand the art, craft and science of writing on cinema.

Besides, academic infrastructure will also provide a rich library of books on cinema. At the National Film Archive Library in Pune, I saw many books on Alfred Hitchcock and was amazed. I personally am not an expert on international masters like Bresson or Bergman or Antonioni because Mumbai did not have the facilities for watching their films. I am watching them now and am learning a lot but I do not think I can command expertise on their films and their film-making.

Having said all that, I really admire the film reviews by Priyanka Dasgupta of TOI, Roushni Mitra of CINESTAAN, Bharadwaj Rangan, Namrata Joshi, Nandini Ramnath and a few others.

 They are all from English media but there are several in regional media too.

Lifetime Achievement Aaward from indywood in 2017.

Well, Shoma-di did mention that she liked my blog piece on ‘Madathy’.

Much of that write-up was inspired by her article on Leena’s film.

Shoma-di’s insight was a great help in understanding, enjoying and appreciating the feminist perspective of the film – despite my natural disadvantage of not being a female.

Nishi Pulugurtha with Shoma Chatterji during her book launch.
My friend Nishi with Shoma-di during her book release.

And Deepti Pillay Sivan, my dear friend, let me take this opportunity to tell you that she also loved our film on Shankar Mahadevan – ‘Decoding Shankar’.

Since I know you are an avid reader of my blog, I would rather say you should now give me that long awaited interview on the making of that film.

I will be waiting.

For my new readers, a glance at what I wrote around a year back.

Let me also tell you, my readers, that I have decided to treat this sojourn with film-journalism as a series – and Shoma-di was the first among the seasoned writers and scholars of Cinema that I have approached. Very soon, I will bring you the views of Bhardwaj Rangan, eminent film-journalist, based out of Chennai. He has also been a major influence for me.

There will be others too. Watch this space.  

Shoma Chatterji Family Photo Film Critic and Scholar
I rarely get a chance to put up family images in my blog …so I did feel nice when Shoma-di shared this with me. That’s from her 50th wedding anniversary.
From left to right, that’s Ellora, her husband Amit, grandson Ishann, Shoma -di and her husband Ajoy.

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4 Comments

  1. Nishi Pulugurtha Nishi Pulugurtha

    Enjoyed reading this. I like Shoma Di’,s work and have been reading her work on films for many years now. I first read her articles on film in The Statesman.

  2. SHOMA A CHATTERJI SHOMA A CHATTERJI

    I am overwhelmed by the way you have researched my career for so long and with so much width and depth. Thank you very much for this long tribute and I am not sure whether I deserve it or not.

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